Malunga neMbali yoPhuhliso lweSigarethi ze-Electronic ezilahlwayo

Ukususela ekuqalweni kwelabhoratri ukuya kwimpikiswano yehlabathi, ngoku uMvelisi weCigarette we-Zhibo we-Electronic uya kujonga emva kwimbali yesigarethi se-elektroniki kuwe.

1. Ixesha lokuntshula kwengcamango (1927-2003)

Ngomnyaka we-1927, uJoseph Robinson waseMelika waqala ukucebisa ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi we-vaporizer yombane, umgaqo ofana kakhulu neteknoloji ye-atomization ye-elektroniki ye-cigarette. Ngo-1963, u-Herbert Gilbert wafumana ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza "lomdiza{3}}ongelocuba". Isixhobo sivelisa umphunga ngokufudumeza inikotini{5}}equlethe ulwelo, kodwa asiphumelelanga ukuthengiswa ngenxa yothintelo lobugcisa kunye nokucinezelwa lishishini lecuba. Ngo-1998, inkampani engumzali kaMarlboro yaphehlelela isixhobo sebhetri{8}esinamandla se "Accord", esingazange siphambuke kundoqo wokufudumeza icuba, kodwa sabeka isiseko sempumelelo yetekhnoloji eyalandelayo.

2. Ixesha lokuphumelela kwezobuchwepheshe (2003-2010)

Ngo-2003, usokhemesti waseTshayina uHan Li wavelisa isixhobo sokuqala secuba se-elektroniki esisekwe kwingqikelelo yonyango lokubuyisela inikotini, eyathi yavelisa isisombululo sepropylene glycol esine-nicotine nge-ultrasound kwaye yaqaliswa kwimarike yiNkampani yaseRuyan ngo-2004. Le mveliso yaqhekeka kwimowudi yokutsha yecuba kwaye yadala ukusilela okutsha kwe20 ngenxa yokusilela kwintengiso kwimpikiswano malunga nempumelelo yayo yokuyeka ukutshaya.

Ubume boshishino lwehlabathi lwenziwa ekuqaleni kweli nqanaba:

2006: E{1}}icuba langena kwimarike yaseYurophu, kwaye izixhobo zokuzalisa ioyile ezivulekileyo zazifunwa ngamaqela egeek.

Ngo-2007: Iimveliso eziphuculweyo zekhatriji ezivaliweyo zavela kwimarike yase-US, kwaye ukusetyenziswa lula kwaphuculwa kakhulu.

2010: Ibhrendi ye-NJOY yaphumelela kwityala le-FDA, yaseka -izixhobo ezingezizo iimpawu zeempawu ze-e{2}}yecuba, kwaye yakhuthaza inkqubo yokwenziwa ngokusemthethweni koshishino.

3. Ixesha lokwandiswa kwehlabathi (2011-2020)

Ukuphindaphinda kwetekhnoloji kwazala impumelelo emibini yoguqulo:

Itekhnoloji yetyuwa ye-Nicotine (2015): Yandisa i-nicotine concentration ukuya kwi-59mg/ml, ukwenza amava okutshaya asondele kwi-cigarette yangempela kunye nokuphucula ukunamathela komsebenzisi.

Izixhobo zomsi ezinkulu (2016): Abavelisi baseAsia nabaseYurophu baphuhlise i-Atomizers kunye namandla okuvelisa i-200W baye benza isangqa se-"steam culture".

Izimo zengqondo ezilawulayo kumazwe ahlukeneyo zihlukaniswa:

Kwi-2015, i-Arhente yezeMpilo yoLuntu yase-UK idwelise e{1}}i-cigarettes njengesixhobo esicetyiswayo sokuyeka ukutshaya, esanceda ukunciphisa izinga lokutshaya ukusuka kwi-20.6% ukuya kwi-15.1%.

I-US FDA iphumeze inkqubo yokuphonononga i-PMTA ngo-2016, kwaye i-90% yeemveliso zavalwa ngenxa yokungabikho kwedatha yokhuseleko.

Kwi-2016, i-EU yazisa uMthetho we-TPD, onciphisa umthamo weekhatriji ukuya ngaphantsi okanye ukulingana ne-2ml kunye nokugxilwa kwe-nicotine kwi-Ngaphantsi okanye ilingana ne-2%.

Ngokubhekiselele kwimpembelelo yenkcubeko, igama elithi "vape" lifakwe kwi-Oxford Dictionary njengelizwi lonyaka ngo-2014, kwaye inani leembono zevidiyo "yezakhono zomphunga" kumajelo asekuhlaleni adlula amaxesha ebhiliyoni e-1, eqhuba izinga lokusetyenziswa kolutsha ukuba linyuke nge-300% kwiminyaka emithathu.

IV. Impikiswano kunye neNdawo yokuguqula (2021-2025)

Ngo-2022, i-e{1}}imarike yesigarethi yehlabathi iya kudlula i-US$30 yeebhiliyoni, kodwa iya kukhatshwa kukuqiniswa kwezinto ezintathu ezinkulu eziphikisanayo:

Ingxabano yezempilo: Isiganeko sesifo se-EVALI semiphunga sibangele ukufa kwabantu abangama-68, kunye ne-pathogenicity yee-agent zokunambitha ezifana ne-diacetyl yabangela ukuvalwa kwencasa kumazwe amaninzi.

Uphuculo lolawulo: INew Zealand iya kwenza umthetho ngo-2023 ukuthintela ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ze-nicotine kwabo bazalwa emva kwe-2009, kwaye i-Shenzhen Customs iya kunqanda i-200% ye-e{3}}i-cigarettes equkethe i-synthetic cannabinoids ngo-2022.

Ukwahlula kweTekhnoloji: Izixhobo zodidi lwe-atomization yezonyango kunye neemveliso zokuzonwabisa zenza umsantsa wokuvelisa itekhnoloji, kwaye iibrendi zakuqala ezifana noRuyan ziya kutshintsha zibe kuphando lwezixhobo zonyango kunye nophuhliso.

Okwangoku, i-80% yomthamo wemveliso yehlabathi isagxile e-China, kodwa isiqinisekiso se-EPD sokusingqongileyo esiphunyezwe yi-EU ngo-2024 siya kubangela ukuba i-30% yamashishini amancinci naphakathi{3}}aphume kwimarike. Ishishini liyatshintsha ukusuka ekukhuleni okungalawulekiyo ukuya kuphuhliso oluthobelayo. Usetyenziso lwezorhwebo lwesizukulwana sesithathu{6}}sobuchwephesha beqondo lobushushu begumbi le-atomization (ulawulo lwamaqondo angama-30 rhoqo) ngo-2025 lunokuchaza kwakhona indlela inikotini ethathwa ngayo.